Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs)

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) na-eji ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe dị ka erbium (Er3+) dị ka ihe na-amụbawanye.A na-etinye ya n'ime eriri eriri n'oge usoro nrụpụta.Ọ nwere obere eriri eriri (nke na-abụkarị 10 m ma ọ bụ karịa) nke a na-eji iko eme ihe nke a na-agbakwunye obere erbium a na-achịkwa dị ka dopant n'ụdị ion (Er3+).Ya mere, eriri silica na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọbịa.Ọ bụ dopants (erbium) kama eriri silica nke na-ekpebi ogologo ogologo ọrụ na bandwidth uru.EDFA na-arụkarị ọrụ na mpaghara ebili mmiri 1550 nm ma nwee ike ịnye ikike karịrị 1 Tbps.Ya mere, a na-eji ha eme ihe na usoro WDM.

Ụkpụrụ nke ikuku na-akpali akpali dị maka usoro nkwalite nke EDFA.Mgbe dopant (ihe erbium ion) nọ na ọnọdụ ike dị elu, foton merenụ nke mgbama ngwa ntinye ga-akpali ya.Ọ na-ewepụta ụfọdụ ike ya na dopant wee laghachi na ọnọdụ ike dị ala ("kpalitere ikuku") nke kwụsiri ike.Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'okpuru na-egosi usoro nhazi nke EDFA.

1.1 Ntọala ntọala nke EDFA

Igwe ọkụ laser diode na-emepụtakarị akara ngosi anya nke ogologo ikuku (na ma ọ bụ 980 nm ma ọ bụ 1480 nm) na ike dị elu (~ 10-200 mW).Mgbama a jikọtara ya na mgbama ntinye ọkụ na mpaghara erbiumdoped nke eriri silica site na WDM coupler.Ions erbium ga-enweta ume mgbama mgbapụta a wee wulie elu na ọnọdụ obi ụtọ ha.A na-akụ akụkụ nke mgbama ọkụ mmepụta ma nyeghachi ya na ntinye nke laser mgbapụta site na nzacha anya na ihe nchọpụta.Nke a na-eje ozi dị ka usoro njikwa ike nzaghachi iji mee EDFA ka ọ bụrụ amplifiers na-achịkwa onwe ya.Mgbe a na-eri electrons metastable, ọ nweghị nkwalite ọzọ ga-apụta.Ya mere, usoro ahụ na-akwụsi ike na-akpaghị aka n'ihi na ike mmepụta nke EDFA na-anọgide na-adịgide adịgide n'agbanyeghị mgbanwe ike ntinye, ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla.

1.2 Atụmatụ ọrụ dị mfe nke EDFA

Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu na-egosi atụmatụ ọrụ dị mfe nke EDFA nke a na-agbakwunye mgbama mgbapụta sitere na laser na mgbama ntinye anya (na 1480 nm ma ọ bụ 980 nm) site na WDM coupler.

Eserese a na-egosi njupụta EDF bụ isi.Ogologo ogologo nke mgbaàmà mgbapụta (nwere ike mgbapụta ihe dịka 50 mW) bụ 1480 nm ma ọ bụ 980 nm.A na-ebufe akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mgbaama mgbapụta a na mgbama ntinye anya site na mkpali ikuku n'ime obere ogologo nke eriri Erbium-doped.Ọ nwere uru ngwa anya nke ihe dịka 5-15 dB na ihe na-erughị 10 dB ụda olu.Maka ọrụ 1550 nm, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịnweta uru anya 30-40 dB.

1.3 Nghọta bara uru nke EDFA

Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'elu na-egosi ọrụ dị mfe nke EDFA yana nhazi ya bara uru mgbe ejiri ya na ngwa WDM.

Dịka egosiri, ọ gụnyere akụkụ ndị a bụ isi:

• Ihe dịpụrụ adịpụ na ntinye.Nke a na-eme ka mkpọtụ EDFA na-emepụta ka ọ ghara ịgbasa na njedebe nke nnyefe.

• Njikọ WDM.Ọ na-ejikọta mgbama ntinye ngwa anya 1550 nm dị ala na mgbama mgbama ọkụ na-agbapụta ike dị elu (site na isi iyi mgbapụta dị ka laser) na 980 nm wavelength.

• Obere akụkụ nke erbium-doped silica fiber.N'ezie, nke a na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ nke EDFA.

• Onye dịpụrụ adịpụ na mmepụta.Ọ na-enyere aka igbochi mgbama ngwa anya ọ bụla na-atụgharị azụ ịbanye na erbium-doped silica fiber.

Mgbama mmepụta ikpeazụ bụ mgbama data ngwa anya ogologo 1550 nm nwere mgbama mgbapụta mgbapụta 980 nm fọdụrụnụ.

Ụdị nke Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs)

Enwere ụdị ihe owuwu abụọ nke Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs):

• EDFA nwere pọmpụ na-agbasa ozi

• EDFA nwere mgbapụta na-agbasa

Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'okpuru ebe a na-egosi mgbapụta mgbochi na nhazi mgbapụta ụzọ nke enwere ike iji na nhazi EDFA.

Nhazi mgbapụta dị iche iche

Igwe mgbapụta EDFA na-ekekọrịta ihe na-egosipụta ike ngwa anya mmepụta dị ala na obere mkpọtụ;ebe mgbapụta mgbapụta EDFA na-enye ike ngwa anya dị elu mana ọ na-arụpụtakwa mkpọtụ ka ukwuu.N'ime EDFA azụmahịa nke a na-ahụkarị, a na-eji mgbapụta bi-directional na-arụkọ ọrụ n'otu oge yana ịgbasa mgbapụta nke na-ebute uru anya n'otu n'otu.

Ngwa nke EDFA dị ka ihe nkwalite, in-line, na pre-amplifier

N'ime ngwa ogologo oge nke njikọ nkwurịta okwu fiber optic, enwere ike iji EDFA mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu na mmepụta nke transmitter anya, ihe nrịbama ngwa anya dị n'ahịrị yana eriri anya yana ihe na-aga n'ihu tupu oge eruo. nnata, dị ka e gosiri na n'elu ọnụ ọgụgụ.

Enwere ike ịdeba ama na EDFA ndị dị n'ahịrị na-edobe na 20-100 km anya dị iche iche dabere na mfu eriri.Ihe mgbaàmà ntinye anya dị na 1.55 μm wavelength, ebe mgbapụta mgbapụta na-arụ ọrụ na 1.48 μm ma ọ bụ 980 nm wavelength.Ogologo ogologo nke eriri Erbium-doped bụ 10-50 m.

Mechanism Amplification na EDFA

Dị ka ekwuru na mbụ, usoro mmụba dị na EDFA na-adabere na ikuku na-akpali akpali dị ka nke na laser.Ike dị elu sitere na mgbama mgbapụta ngwa anya (nke laser ọzọ mepụtara) na-akpali ion dopant erbium (Er3+) na eriri silica na steeti ume elu.Ihe nrịbama data ntinye anya na-akpali mgbanwe nke ions Erbium nwere obi ụtọ gaa na steeti ume ala ma na-ebute radieshon nke photons na otu ume ahụ, ya bụ, otu ogologo ogologo dị ka nke mgbama ngwa anya ntinye.

Eserese ọkwa ike: ion Erbium efu na-egosipụta ọkwa pụrụ iche nke eriri ike.Mgbe a na-etinye ion Erbium n'ime eriri silica, nke ọ bụla n'ime ike ike ha na-ekewa n'ọtụtụ ọkwa nwere njikọ chiri anya ka ha wee mepụta ike.

1.4 Usoro nkwalite na EDFA

Iji nweta ngbanwe nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ, Er3 + ion na-agbapụta na ọkwa etiti 2. Na usoro na-apụtaghị ìhè (980-nm pumping), Er3 + ion na-aga n'ihu site na ọkwa 1 ruo ọkwa 3. A na-esote ya site na ire ere na-adịghị radiative na ọkwa 2, site na ebe ha na-adaba na ọkwa 1, na-egbukepụ akara ngosi anya na ogologo ogologo ogologo nke 1500-1600 nm.A maara nke a dị ka usoro nkwalite ọkwa 3.

Maka ngwaahịa Erbium doped ndị ọzọ, biko lee na webụsaịtị anyị.

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